《哈利波特》系列書的作者 JK Rowling
Forbes estimates that JK Rowling has given £120m ($160m) to charity (Credit: Getty Images)
《Forbes 富比士》推估JK Rowling捐出約1億6千萬美金。
下文根據Wikipedia之 JK Rowling項目中的英文、中文部分增添：
公益活動/慈善事業
2000年，羅琳創立維蘭特慈善信託（Volant Charitable Trust 或譯展翅慈善信託基金），每年投入510萬英鎊對抗貧窮和社會不平等。該信託基金也有計畫性地幫助兒童、單親家庭，並資助多發性硬化症研究[112]。羅琳表示：「我認為你有道德責任去奉獻給比自己更需要的人，並為此做些有智慧的事[113]。」
反貧窮與兒童福利
曾是單親媽媽的羅琳，現在是英國慈善組織「薑餅」（Gingerbread 原名One Parent Families(單親家庭)）的負責人，她2000年成為該組織的首任慈善大使[114][115]。羅琳與前英國首相夫人莎拉·布朗共同合作撰寫兒童故事書贊助該組織[116]。2002年，羅琳為《魔法》（Magic）一書寫贈序，因為該書出版社向英國單親家庭委員會（National Council for One Parent Families）捐款[119]。
2001年，英國反貧窮募款活動「喜劇救濟Comic Relief」向羅琳、蒂麗婭·史密斯（英國電視名廚）、海倫·菲爾丁（《BJ單身日記》作者）等三位暢銷作家徵求一本有關她們代表作的小書[117]。羅琳將《哈利波特》劇情中出現的虛構書籍《穿越歷史的魁地奇》(Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them)、 and 《怪獸與牠們的產地》(Quidditch Through the Ages) 寫成書，並寫得像是真的從霍格華茲圖書館借出來的一樣。自2001年3月開賣起，這兩本書已為"喜劇救濟"募得1570萬英鎊，其中1080萬英鎊將會用來成立一個國際基金，幫助英國以外陷入危機的兒童或青少年(Children and Young People in Crisis[) 118]。
2005年，羅琳與歐洲議會議員艾瑪·尼可森共同成立路摸思組織[120]。2006年1月，羅琳前往羅馬尼亞首都布加勒斯特，關切當地精神病院用以禁錮兒童的牢籠床[121]。為了協助路摸思組織募款，羅琳拍賣了一本她親自手寫並繪製插圖的《吟遊詩人皮陀故事集》，這是曾出現在《哈利波特－死神的聖物》裡的魔法世界童話書，羅琳總共做了7本。它最後由亞馬遜網路書店以195萬英鎊在2007年12月13日得標，成為當代得標價格最高的書[122]。羅琳說：「有許多絕望中的兒童正等待援助。（拍賣結果）表示對我而言，聖誕節提早來臨了[122][123]。」羅琳將其餘6本親手製作的《吟遊詩人皮陀故事集》送給《哈利波特》系列相關人士[122]。2008年，羅琳同意出版此書，並將所得捐給路摸思組織[59]。
多發性硬化症
羅琳捐款支持多發性硬化症的相關研究及治療，因為在她母親於1990年過世前，曾罹患該病。2006年，羅琳捐贈大筆款項給愛丁堡大學，用以支持該校新成立的再生醫學中心（Centre for Regenerative Medicine），後命名為安妮·羅琳再生神經診所（Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic）[124]。2010年，羅琳再向該中心捐贈一千萬英鎊[125]。羅琳長住的蘇格蘭是世界上多發性硬化症患病比例最高的地方，原因未知。2003年，羅琳參與推動建立多發性硬化症患者的國家照護標準[126]。2009年4月，羅琳宣布停止贊助大不列顛多發性硬化症協會蘇格蘭分會，因為該會無法解決南、北分部持續不斷的內鬨，造成該會元氣大傷，還有數人辭職[126]。
其它公益活動
2008年5月，英國書商Waterstones請羅琳及其他12位作家（塞巴斯欽·佛客使、多麗絲·萊辛、麗莎·艾比娜妮西、瑪格麗特·愛特伍、蘿倫·查爾德、理察·福特、尼爾·蓋曼、尼克·宏比、麥可·羅森、艾賽爾·薛弗勒、湯姆·斯托帕德、歐文·威爾許）在A5卡片上撰寫一篇短文或故事，用以進行慈善拍賣，支持閱讀障礙行動組織（Dyslexia Action）與英格蘭筆會。羅琳寫了一篇800字的〈哈利波特前傳〉，描述哈利波特的父親詹姆斯·波特與教父天狼星·布萊克於哈利出生前的故事。這些作家的卡片在2008年8月時集成一本書拍賣[127]。
2006年8月1日和8月2日，羅琳在美國紐約市無線電城音樂廳與史蒂芬·金、約翰·艾文一同朗讀，此活動收益將捐贈給避風港基金會（Haven Foundation）和無國界醫生組織，其中避風港基金會專門支援無保險或無法工作的藝術家及表演者[128]。2007年5月，羅琳承諾捐贈約250,000英鎊至495,000英鎊，作為馬德琳·麥凱恩失蹤事件的懸賞金，此活動由英國小報《世界新聞報》發起[129][130]。此外，羅琳還與納爾遜·曼德拉、艾爾·高爾、亞倫·葛林斯班一同為前英國首相戈登·布朗的演講集寫導言，所得將捐給珍妮佛·布朗研究實驗室（Jennifer Brown Research Laboratory）[131]。之後，公眾獲知她是《布穀鳥的呼喚 》( The Cuckoo's Calling )的真正作者，該書銷量大增，羅琳宣布，她將捐出她所有的稿費給陸軍慈善基金(the Army Benevolent Fund)，她說一直打算這樣做，但沒想到這本書成為暢銷書。[ 181]
羅琳是The Shannon Trust (香農信託)的支持者，該組織的閱讀計劃稱為Toe by Toe Reading Plan 及 the Shannon Reading Plan，為英國各地的監獄中不能閱讀或有閱讀障礙者提供協助並給予輔導。[182]。Philanthropy
In 2000, Rowling established the Volant Charitable Trust, which uses its annual budget of £5.1 million to combat poverty and social inequality. The fund also gives to organisations that aid children, one parent families, and multiple sclerosis research.[159][160]
Anti-poverty and children's welfare
Rowling, once a single parent, is now president of the charity Gingerbread (originally One Parent Families), having become their first Ambassador in 2000.[161][162] Rowling collaborated with Sarah Brown to write a book of children's stories to aid One Parent Families.[163]
In 2001, the UK anti-poverty fundraiser Comic Relief asked three best-selling British authors – cookery writer and TV presenter Delia Smith, Bridget Jones creator Helen Fielding, and Rowling – to submit booklets related to their most famous works for publication.[164]Rowling's two booklets, Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them and Quidditch Through the Ages, are ostensibly facsimiles of books found in the Hogwarts library. Since going on sale in March 2001, the books have raised £15.7 million for the fund. The £10.8 million they have raised outside the UK have been channelled into a newly created International Fund for Children and Young People in Crisis.[165] In 2002 Rowling contributed a foreword to Magic, an anthology of fiction published by Bloomsbury Publishing, helping to raise money for the National Council for One Parent Families.[166]
In 2005, Rowling and MEP Emma Nicholson founded the Children's High Level Group (now Lumos).[167] In January 2006, Rowling went to Bucharest to highlight the use of caged beds in mental institutions for children.[168] To further support the CHLG, Rowling auctioned one of seven handwritten and illustrated copies of The Tales of Beedle the Bard, a series of fairy tales referred to in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. The book was purchased for £1.95 million by on-line bookseller Amazon.com on 13 December 2007, becoming the most expensive modern book ever sold at auction.[169][169][170] Rowling gave away the remaining six copies to those who have a close connection with the Harry Potter books.[169] In 2008, Rowling agreed to publish the book with the proceeds going to Lumos.[115] On 1 June 2010 (International Children's Day), Lumos launched an annual initiative – Light a Birthday Candle for Lumos.[171] In November 2013, Rowling handed over all earnings from the sale of The Tales of Beedle the Bard, totalling nearly £19 million.[172]
In July 2012, Rowling was featured at the 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony in London where she read a few lines from J.M. Barrie's Peter Pan as part of a tribute to Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children. An inflatable representation of Lord Voldemort and other children's literary characters accompanied her reading.[173]
Multiple sclerosis
Rowling has contributed money and support for research and treatment of multiple sclerosis, from which her mother suffered before her death in 1990. In 2006, Rowling contributed a substantial sum toward the creation of a new Centre for Regenerative Medicine at Edinburgh University, later named the Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic.[174] In 2010 she donated a further £10 million to the centre.[175] For reasons unknown, Scotland, Rowling's country of adoption, has the highest rate of multiple sclerosis in the world. In 2003, Rowling took part in a campaign to establish a national standard of care for MS sufferers.[176] In April 2009, she announced that she was withdrawing her support for Multiple Sclerosis Society Scotland, citing her inability to resolve an ongoing feud between the organisation's northern and southern branches that had sapped morale and led to several resignations.[176]
Other philanthropic work
In May 2008, bookseller Waterstones asked Rowling and 12 other writers (Sebastian Faulks, Doris Lessing, Lisa Appignanesi, Margaret Atwood, Lauren Child, Richard Ford, Neil Gaiman, Nick Hornby, Michael Rosen, Axel Scheffler, Tom Stoppard and Irvine Welsh) to compose a short piece of their own choosing on a single A5 card, which would then be sold at auction in aid of the charities Dyslexia Action and English PEN. Rowling's contribution was an 800-word Harry Potter prequel that concerns Harry's father, James Potter, and godfather, Sirius Black, and takes place three years before Harry was born. The cards were collated and sold for charity in book form in August 2008.[177]
On 1 and 2 August 2006, she read alongside Stephen King and John Irving at Radio City Music Hall in New York City. Profits from the event were donated to the Haven Foundation, a charity that aids artists and performers left uninsurable and unable to work, and the medical NGO Médecins Sans Frontières.[178] In May 2007, Rowling pledged a donation reported as over £250,000 to a reward fund started by the tabloid News of the World for the safe return of a young British girl, Madeleine McCann, who disappeared in Portugal.[179]Rowling, along with Nelson Mandela, Al Gore, and Alan Greenspan, wrote an introduction to a collection of Gordon Brown's speeches, the proceeds of which were donated to the Jennifer Brown Research Laboratory.[180] After her exposure as the true author of The Cuckoo's Calling led a massive increase in sales, Rowling announced she would donate all her royalties to the Army Benevolent Fund, claiming she had always intended to, but never expected the book to be a bestseller.[181]
Rowling is a supporter of The Shannon Trust, which runs the Toe by Toe Reading Plan and the Shannon Reading Plan in prisons across Britain, helping and giving tutoring to prisoners who cannot read.[182]
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【別怕失敗】
《哈利波特》的作者 J. K. 羅琳 2008 年在哈佛大學的畢業典禮演說中，提到她人生中一段她稱之為「史詩級的失敗」經驗。
「因為逆境，逼得她不得不重新嚴格審視自己的生活，必須去蕪存菁，在有限的空間及時間裡，只留下絕對必要的。因為資源有限，非得背水一戰，把全力集中在她唯一在意，也最擅長的事──寫作。」
難關與挫折加總成為的奠基石，才能成就現在的高度 ↓↓↓↓
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